Quotes
Defendants respectfully submit that they have fully complied with the Court’s Order,
the government lawyers wrote A professor runs afoul of the 2025 Letter if she expresses the view in her teaching that structural racism exists in America, but does not do so if she denies structural racism’s existence,
Their well-founded fear of enforcement is even stronger than it was in 2017,
Orrick wrote, citing the executive orders as well as directives from Bondi, other federal agencies and Justice Department lawsuits filed against Chicago and New York The challenged sections in the 2025 Executive Orders and the Bondi Directive that order executive agencies to withhold, freeze, or condition federal funding apportioned to localities by Congress, violate the Constitution’s separation of powers principles and the Spending Clause,
U.S. District Judge William Orrick said in his ruling This is essentially the same argument it made in 2017,
Orrick wrote, while the plaintiffs' claims in the new case appear even more persuasive now The threat to withhold funding causes them irreparable injury in the form of budgetary uncertainty, deprivation of constitutional rights, and undermining trust between the Cities and Counties and the communities they serve,
The Cities and Counties have also demonstrated a likelihood of irreparable harm,
